The Apology of Socrates

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PLATO
Translated by Harold North Fowler

BILINGUAL EDITION

Socrates, a pivotal figure in the history of Western philosophy, was the first to introduce inductive reasoning, to form universal concepts, to require precise definitions, and to study the principles of ethics.
In the spring of 399 BCE, when Socrates was seventy years old, he was accused of impiety and corrupting the youth of Athens.
His defence speech, as reproduced in Plato ’s most celebrated work, The Apology, stands throughout the ages as a beacon of moral
integrity, democracy and justice.

12.80

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From the Introduction

In the spring of 399 BCE, when Socrates was seventy years old, he was accused of impiety and of corrupting the youth. The chief accuser was Meletus, who was seconded by Anytus and Lyco.

[…] The question has frequently been asked, whether the Apology is substantially the speech made by Socrates before the court or a product of Plato’s imagination. In all probability it is essentially the speech delivered by Socrates, though it may well be that the actual speech was less finished and less charming than that which Plato has reported. The legal procedure is strictly followed, and the manner of speech is that which was, as we know from Plato and also from Xenophon, usual with Socrates. There is nothing inconsistent with what we know of Socrates, and no peculiarly Platonic doctrine is suggested.

 

Read the first lines of Plato’s text:

Plato, The Apology of Socrates, first lines

Poids 0.250 kg
Dimensions 12 × 16.5 cm
Édition bilingue

Ancient Greek, English

ISBN

978-618-5369-64-4

Pages

128